Đề cương ôn tập môn Tiếng anh Lớp 9 - Unit 3: Teen stress and pressure

Nội dung text: Đề cương ôn tập môn Tiếng anh Lớp 9 - Unit 3: Teen stress and pressure

1. Phu Cuong Secondary School School year 2021 – 2022 REVISION UNIT 3: TEEN STRESS AND PRESSURE A. VOCABULARY: - stress (n, v) / strɛs / : sự căng thẳng, mệt mỏi -> stressed (a) / strɛst / : (bị) căng thẳng -> stressful (a) / ’strɛsfəl / : gây căng thẳng - pressure (n) / ’pre∫ə / : áp lực, sức ép - designer (n) / di’zainə /: nhà thiết kế - tense (a) / tens / : căng thẳng - graduate (n,v) – from / ’grỉdjueit / : (người) tốt nghiệp - medical degree / ’medikəl dɪ’grɪ: / : bằng cấp y khoa - wish (n, v) / wɪ∫ / : ước muốn - take a break (v) / teik ə breik / : giải lao - doubt (v) / daut/ : nghi ngờ - relax (v) / ri’lỉks / : thư giản - relaxed (a) / rɪˈlỉkst/ : thoải mái, thư giản -> relaxation (n) / rɪ:lỉk’sei∫ən / : sự thư giãn - to be proud of / praud / : tự hào - frustrated (a) / frʌˈstreɪtɪd / : bực bội - depressed (adj) / dɪˈprest /: tuyệt vọng - delighted (adj) / dɪˈlaɪtɪd /: vui sương - confident (adj) / ˈkɒnfɪdənt /: tự tin - calm (a) / kɑːm / : bình tĩnh - empathise (v) / ’empəθais / : thơng cảm, đồng cảm - assure / ə’∫uə / (v) : trấn an, cam đoan, quả quyết - adolescence (n) /ˌỉdəˈlesns / : giai đoạn vị thành niên - adulthood (n) / ˈỉdʌlthʊd / : giai đoạn trưởng thành - brain (n) / brein / : bộ não - self-control (n) / self - kən’trɔul / : sự tự chủ - emotion (n) / ɪ’mɔu∫ən / : cảm xúc -> emotional (a) / ɪ’mɔu∫ənəl / : thuộc xúc cảm, dễ xúc cảm - overcome (v) / ɔuvər’kʌm / : vượt qua - dependence (n) /dɪˈpendəns/ : sự phụ thuộc ≠ independence (n) /ˌɪndɪˈpendəns/ : sự độc lập - support (n, v) /sə’pɔ:t / : sự ủng hộ, ủng hộ - guide (v) / ɡaɪd / : hướng dẫn -> guidance (n) / ’ɡaɪdəns / : sự hướng dẫn - informed (a) /ɪnˈfɔːmd/ : cĩ hiểu biết/ am hiểu / cân nhắc -> informed decision (n) /ɪnˈfɔːmd dɪˈsɪʒn/: quyết định cĩ cân nhắc - embarrassed (a) /ɪmˈbỉrəst/ : xấu hổ - reasoning skills (n) / ’rɪ:zəniŋ skilz / : kĩ năng lập luận - self – aware ( a) /self-əˈweə(r)/ : tự nhận thức - focus (v) ≈ concentrate / ‘kɒnsntreɪt/ (v) – on : tập trung (vào) - cognitive (a) /ˈkɒɡnətɪv / : liên quan đến nhận thức - self-discipline (v) /self-ˈdɪsəplɪn/ : tự rèn luyện ->self-disciplined (a) /self-ˈdɪsəplɪnd/: tự rèn luyện - self-aware (adj) /self-əˈweə(r)/: tự nhận thức, ngộ ra - resolve conflict (v) /rɪˈzɒlv ˈkɒnflɪkt/: giải quyết xung đột
2. - cope with ( v) / kɒup wið/ : đối phĩ, đương đầu với - co-operate ( v) / kɒu’ɒpəreɪt/ : hợp tác - do laundry (v) / du: ’lɔ:ndrɪ / : giặt giũ - manage (v) / ’mỉnɪdз / : quản lí - budget (n) / ’bʌdʒɪt / : ngân quỹ - operation (n) / ɔpə’reɪ∫n / : sự điều khiển, vận hành - emergency (n) / ɪˈmɜːdʒənsɪ /: tình huống khẩn cấp - boundary (n) / ’baunderɪ / : giới hạn - risk taking (n) / rɪsk teɪkɪŋ/: liều lĩnh • life skills (n) /laɪf skɪl/: kĩ năng sống - Social skills (n) / ’səu∫l skɪlz / : kĩ năng xã hội - Cognitive skills (n) / ˈkɒɡnətɪv skɪlz / : kĩ năng tư duy - House-keeping skills / haʊs-ˈkiːpɪŋ skɪlz /: kĩ năng làm việc nhà - Emotion control skills (n) / ɪ’mɔu∫n kən’trɔul skɪlz / : kĩ năng làm chủ cảm xúc - Self-care skills (n) / self kɛər skɪlz / : kĩ năng tự chăm sĩc bản thân - planning skills (n) / ’plỉniŋ skɪlz / : kĩ năng lập kế hoạch - organizational skills (n) / ɔ:ɡənaɪ’zeɪ∫ənəl skɪlz / : kĩ năng tổ chức - communication skills (n) / kəmju:nɪ’keɪ∫n skɪlz / : kĩ năng giao tiếp - helpline (n) /ˈhelplaɪn/: đường dây nĩng trợ giúp - service (n) / ’sə:vɪs / : dịch vụ - counselling (n) /’kaunsəliŋ / : lời hướng dẫn - nationwide (a, adv) /ˌneɪʃnˈwaɪd/: khắp cả nước, tồn quốc - relationship (n) /rɪ’leɪ∫ən∫ɪp /: mối quan hệ - friendship (n) / ’frend∫ɪp / : tình bạn - mental (a) / ’mentl / : thuộc tinh thần - case (n) / keis / : trường hợp, vụ việc - abandon (v) / ə’bỉndən / : từ bỏ, bỏ rơi -> abandoned (a) bị bỏ rơi - suffer (v) – from / ’sʌfə(r) / : chịu đựng - trafficking (n): / ’trỉfikiŋ / : nạn buơn bán - abuse (n) /əˈbjuːs/: sự lạm dụng - emergency (n) /iˈmɜːdʒənsi/: tình huống khẩn cấp - promote (v) /prəˈməʊt/ : đẩy mạnh, thúc đẩy - peer communicator / pɪər kə’mjunɪkeɪtə / (n) người truyền tin ngang hàng - aim (n, v) / eim / : mục đích, hướng đến mục đích - favourable (a) / ’feivərəbl / : thuận lợi - dial (v) / ’daiəl / : quay số - dilemma (n) / dɪ’lemə / : tình trạng khĩ xử - columnist (n) / ’kɔləmnɪst / : người phụ trách chuyên mục - come up with (ph.v) / kʌm ʌp wɪð / : đề xuất, đưa ra - sensitive (a) / ’sensitiv / : biểu lộ sự thơng cảm - misunderstand (v) /mɪsʌndə’stỉnd / : hiểu lầm - left out (adj) /left aʊt/: cảm thấy bị bỏ rơi, bị cơ lập - sleepless (a) /’slɪ:plɪs / : khơng ngủ, mất ngủ - stairway (n) / ’steəweɪ / : cầu thang bộ - activate (v) / ’ỉktɪveɪt / : kích hoạt - mobile (n) / ’məubaɪl / : ĐT di động - landline (n) / ’lỉndlaɪn / : ĐT cố định - deal (v) / dɪ:l /: liên hệ - area code (n) /’eərɪə kɔud / : mã vùng * Expressions:
3. 1. Go on! I know you can do it! 2. If I were you, I would ( get some sleep). 3. You must have been really disappointed. 4. Stay calm. Everything will be alright. 5. I understand how you feel. 6. Well done! You did a really great job! * Asking for advice: - What do you think I should do (about )? - What should I do? - What would you do in this situation? - Could you give me some advice (about )? - If you were me, what would you do? - I wonder whether to or - Do you know who to speak to about this? * Giving advice: - If I were you, I would/ wouldn’t - I (don’t) think you should - Have you thought about + V-ing ? - It might help to consider - It might be a good idea to . B. GRAMMAR: DIRECT SPEECH -> REPORTED SPEECH • Xác định loại câu (câu kể / câu hỏi / câu đề nghị ) • Chú ý thay đổi đại từ nhân xưng ở mệnh đề tường thuật cho phù hợp. • Thay đổi đại từ chỉ định, trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn. • Nếu động từ giới thiệu ở quá khứ -> lùi thì động từ ở mệnh đề tường thuật. Thay đổi về thì ( Lùi thì ) Thay đổi đại từ chỉ định, trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn Present Simple -> Past Simple this/ these -> that/ those Present progressive -> Past progressive here -> there Present Perfect -> Past Perfect now -> then Past Simple -> Past perfect today/ tonight -> that day/ that night will -> would tomorrow -> the day after/ the following day/ the next day must/ have to -> had to next -> next / the following can -> could yesterday -> the day before/ the previous day May -> might ago before should -> should last (week, month ) -> the (week/ month ) before -> the previous (week/ month ) Near Future Near Future in the past -> was/were going to am/is/are going to a) Statements: S + said (that) + S + V (lùi thì ) told (O) Ex: Alice said, “I play tennis these days.” Alice said (that) she played tennis those days. b) Questions: S + asked (O) + wh- + S + V (lùi thì) wondered if/ whether + S + V (lùi thì)
4. wanted to know Ex: He said, “Where are you going, Mary? ” He asked Mary where she was going. Ex: “Are you ready now?”, Linda asked Linda asked me if / whether I was ready then. c) Commands/ advice: S + asked + O + to-V / not to-V told ordered requested advised Ex: She said: “Help me with this stuck window, Bob.” She asked Bob to help her with that stuck window. Ex: She said to him: “Don’t drink too much. She advised him not to drink too much. • NOTE: 1. Từ hỏi who, what, where, when, how (khơng dùng why) + to V => express a difficult or uncertain situation. S + ask (O) + Wh. + to V wonder (not) be sure have no idea (not) know (not) decide (not) tell Ex: We don’t know who we should contact. (who + to V) -> We don’t know who to contact. 2. Mệnh đề tường thuật là câu hỏi Yes/ No cĩ thể rút gọn bằng whether + to V ( khơng dùng IF ). Ex: “Should I tell my parents what I really think?” she wondered. -> She wondered whether to tell her parents what she really thought. C. EXERCISES: UNIT 3: TEEN STRESS AND PRESSURE I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others. 1. a. treasure b. pleasure c. ensure d. measure 2. a. daughter b. author c. laundry d. sausage 3. a. dials b. calls c. says d. plays 4. a. education b. graduate c. individual d. confident 5. a. embarrassed b. awareness c. abandoned d. captain II. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from the others. 1. a. frustrated b. confident c. delighted d. embarrassed 2. a. assure b. pressure c. figure d. leisure 3. a. concentration b. favorable c. adolescence d. relaxation 4. a. recognize b. concentrate c. assignment d. cognitive 5. a. teenager b. vehicle c. activate d. nationwide III. Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence. 1. Did you forget your purse purpose so you wouldn’t have to pay?
5. a. on b. of c. in d. for 2. He was sentenced to ten years in prison on charges of drug . a. charging b. stealing c. trafficking d. trading 3. In recent years, there has been thousands of victims of sexual and physical . a. sentence b. crime c. abuse d. conduct 4. Harrison’s greatest attribute is his ability to work pressure. a. within b. under c. in d. on 5. My parents always criticize me for not getting good grades at school. I wish they put themselves in my . a. pants b. legs c. hands d. shoes 6. He wondered to tell the news to his parents. a. why b. how c. what d. which 7. He a bachelor’s degree in computer information systems in 1951. a. forced b. sent c. took d. gained 8. “You must come to my party,” she told me. a. She told me I come to her party. b. She told me to come her party. c. She told me I had to come to her party. d. She told me I came to her party. 9. “My life’s got stuck these days. I am so depressed and unable to think of anything.” “” a. You will be tired. b. Stay stuck there, c. Stay calm. Everything will be alright. d. No, thanks. 10. “Mom, I’ve got the first rank in class this semester!” “ ” a. Well done! b. Thank you! c. Never mind! d. Let’s go! 11. Perhaps what you're reading or hearing is boring, which makes it hard to ___ on the book or the conversation. a. concentrate b. rely c. depend d. notice 12. A great way to improve ___ skills is to keep trying new things. a. reason b. reasoned c. reasoning d. reasons’ 13. As children move toward ___, they are less likely to ask for advice. a. dependent b. dependence c. independent d. independence 14. Taking good notes ___ students to evaluate, organize and summarize information. a. requests b. requires c. allows d. offers 15. Susan needs someone to show her how to ___ her anxiety and depression. a. empathise b. try c. succeed d. manage 16. Mi asked what information she ___ that assignment. a. need to be done b. needed doing c. need to do d. needed to do 17. My closest friend is not very and she likes having a small friend group but I like talking with a lot of people and hanging out. a. society b. sociable c. social d. socialist 18. I suffer from depression and anxiety, but I don’t know to get over my problems. a. what b. c. where d. which 19. Tom told us that sometimes he had difficulty his feelings. a. expressing b. communicating c. sending d. talking 20. “Do you your new classmate, or do you two argue?” a. get on with b. c. face up to d. keep up with IV. Write the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets. 1. She asked him where he (spend) his money so far. 2. She (ask) me the same question three times since yesterday. 3. His doctor advised him (not take) any strenuous exercise. 4. He asked me what I (want) to eat that night. 5. I am driving John to the airport tomorrow. His own car (repair). 6. Would you mind (take) the book back to the library for me? 7. The new teaching methods encourage children (think) for themselves. 8. He (work) as a research and development chemist for 10 years, then he retired. V. Write the correct form of the words in brackets.
6. 1. Nowadays young people want to leave home as soon as they reach . (adult) 2. A good night’s sleep will improve your . (concentrate) 3. Teens should learn to be when making a presentation. (confidence) 4. Going away to college has made me much more . (depend) 5. A lot of people eat too much when they’re . (depress) 6. I have a bad habit of taking on more than I can handle. (responsible) 7. Students have spoken of their growing with school administrators. (frustrate) 8. Ann suffered from depression and a number of other problems. (emotion) 9. Have you thought of talking to a marriage guidance ? (counsel) 10. Her networking and skills came in handy for a charity boxing event she hosted. (organize) VI. Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition. 1. He felt that they were making fun him, though he could not understand why. 2. He wasn’t able to cope the stresses and strains of the job. 3. We have to improve and increase mass participation sports. 4. This goes beyond the boundaries what is accepted. 5. My parents never put any pressure me to get a job. 6. You can dial 114 in case of fire dealing area codes. 7. She gave up German in order to concentrate her French. 8. Parents need to continue to empathize the child. VII. Read the text carefully. Then do the tasks. Stress isn’t just a problem for adults. Young people, however, are also suffering from stress with different causes. Below are some factors that contribute to those youngsters’ unhealthy levels of stress. School Pressure Teenagers often feel stressed about academic and extracurricular demands. Students feel pressure to complete daily homework, finish projects and study for exams. In addition to the quest for good grades, teens may also participate in extracurricular activities, such as sports, student council, cheerleading and clubs. The added pastimes may contribute to teenage stress and anxiety if the activities arc competitive and require scheduling that cuts into study and relaxation time. Peer Pressure Although teens may have a solid group of friends, their peers may pressure them to hang out instead of studying or experiment with drugs, alcohol or sexual activities that go against their morals or family rules. Peer pressure, bullying on campus and harassment may distract teens from studying, leading them to feel additional stress and anxiety. Family Problems Teenagers can also feel stress at home because of family pressures and problems. Arguments with siblings, disagreements with parents over rules and expectations and the need to consistently care for younger siblings may also contribute to teen stress. Sense of Loss Teens may also feel stress and anxiety when experiencing a sense of loss. “Loss” can mean the end of a relationship, friendship or cherished extracurricular activity. Breaking up with a boyfriend or best friend, for example, may lead them to doubt their self-worth or feel anxious about attending school or social functions because of their change in social status. A. Decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F). 1. Stress is a problem of both adults and young people. 2. Youngsters can’t be stressed if they do well in their classes. 3. Peer pressure can make teens unable to concentrate on studying. 4. The family is always the best place, so it doesn’t cause stress for teenagers. 5. Some problems in the social relationship can lead teens to doubt or anxiety. B. Answer the questions. 6. What can the added pastimes cause to teens? ___ 7. What can distract teens from studying? ___ 8. What are family problems that put teens under pressure? ___
7. 9. What can “loss” mean? ___ 10. Why can teens doubt their self-worth after a broken relationship? ___ VIII. Read the text then choose the correct answers. Practical stress management can help students deal with their worries and become more productive, competent and efficient. First of all, students must be able to design and stick to a timetable. Choose a relaxing break between work and study, even if it’s just taking out time to breathe. In addition, a healthy lifestyle is essential for students. Let’s drink more water as well as take out time to get some air and exercise. Furthermore, organization is very important in academic life for dealing with stress. By keeping academic notes organized, turning in assignments on time, and keeping track of all deadlines, stress can be reduced to a great extent. Stress can also get worse if a person feels lonely. Therefore, by letting out all your thoughts to someone you trust, you immediately feel a lot better. However, if you feel extremely stressed out, take a break and do something you love. Whether it is painting or listening to music, doing something you enjoy can cheer up your mood and distract you from a stressor. It’s about time that we students accept that we can achieve just as much in life without all the stress. 1. Practical stress management can help students . a. deal with stress b. have more time c. face up to the worst situation d. think critically 2. What should students pay attention to when designing a timetable? a. They have to arrange time to breathe. b. They need to set time for relaxation. c. They don’t need to take notice of certain tasks. d. They should stop working and studying. 3. What can students do to lead a healthy lifestyle? a. Visit their doctor as scheduled. b. Not to put much pressure on time management. c. Follow the timetable strictly. d. Go outside for fresh air, do regular exercises and drink more water. 4. Why is organization important in academic life? a. Because it can help students get good grades. b. Because it is a must for all students. c. Because it can help students reduce stress. d. Because it leads to better results. 5. Which of the following sentences is true? a. You should stay alone when being under pressure. b. When you feel lonely, you should grab someone to talk. c. The more lonely you are, the more stress you can have. d. It is believed that stress can control itself. 6. What should you do when you are feeling stressed? a. Take time for reflection on your progress. b. Ease your soul and your mind. c. Stay away from other people. d. Take a break and do what you enjoy. IX. Turn the following sentences into reported speech. 1. “Our daughter wants to study abroad for a year,” they said. ___ 2. “Have you ever experienced school pressures?” she asked me. ___ 3. “Yesterday I couldn’t watch my favourite cartoon on Disney Channel,” he said. ___ 4. “Is the weather good in Shanghai in the summer?” Jane asked me. ___ 5. “What are the skills that you find the most difficult to learn?” she asked me. ___ 6. “Would you bring me a cup of coffee, please?” she told me. ___ 7. “I’ll come and help you on Saturday,” Joana told me. ___ 8. “When will you come back home?” my mom asked me. ___ 9. “Do you need any help on this assignment?” the teacher asked me. ___ 10. “My friend got engaged to a German last month,” Danny told Ann.
8. ___ X. Rewrite the following sentences using question words before to-infinitives. 1. I don’t know where I should visit this summer vacation. ___ 2. Could you tell me who I should ask for advice? ___ 3. She wondered what she should write in the final essay. ___ 4. I have no idea who I should contact in case of emergency. ___ 5. They can’t decide when they leave for America. ___ 6. I’m not sure what I should cook for my son’s birthday party. ___ 7. Could you tell me where I should put my umbrella? ___ 8. He asked himself what he should send her as a present. ___ 9. I have no idea when I should leave for Japan. ___ 10. She wondered how she should resolve the conflict. ___ XI. Rewrite the following questions in reported speech, using question words before to-infinitives. 1. “What should we do to help her overcome stress?” They didn’t know ___ 2. “Should I discuss this matter with my teammates?” Jonas wondered___ 3. “Where should I register for a course on life skills?” An asked Mary ___ 4. “How should we find a support center for the homeless?” James and Lily couldn’t tell ___ 5. “When should we start our campaign?” They had no idea ___ 6. “Mom, who should I call upon arriving at the airport?” Trang asked her mother ___ 7. “Should I dial 18001567 to ask for advice about family problems?" Phong was not sure ___ 8. “What should we do to help those disadvantaged children?” They wondered ___ 9. “When should I start teaching my children to cook?” She couldn’t decide___ 10. “How should I deal with negative emotions and stress?” Hoa asked Nam ___ XII. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. 1. “Where did you meet him?” Jimmy asked. → Jimmy asked ___ 2 “When should I register for the new course on Chinese?” Jim asked his teacher. → Jim asked his teacher ___ 3. Joana couldn’t decide when she should start her journey. → Joana couldn’t decide ___ 4. “You must stay in bed until next Monday!” the doctor said. → The doctor said ___ 5. I have no idea who I should call for help in this situation. → I have no idea ___ 6. “Should I tell her the truth about her misery?” she asked herself.
9. → She wondered ___ 7. I’m not sure what I should do to help her overcome her mom’s death. → I’m not sure___ 8. “I am going to work for a new company next week,” John said. → John said ___ THE END