Đề cương ôn tập môn Tiếng anh Lớp 8 - Unit 1-3

Nội dung text: Đề cương ôn tập môn Tiếng anh Lớp 8 - Unit 1-3

1. UNIT 1: LEISURE ACTIVITIES Hoạt động giải trí A. TRANSLATE INTO VIETNAMESE. 1. adore (v) /əˈdɔː/: 2. addicted (adj) /əˈdɪktɪd/: 3. beach game (n) /biːtʃ ɡeɪm/: 4. bracelet (n) /ˈbreɪslət/: 5. communicate (v) /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/: 6. community centre (n) /kəˈmjuːnəti ˈsentə/: 7. craft (n) /krɑːft/: 8. craft kit (n) /krɑːft kɪt/: 9. cultural event (n) /ˈkʌltʃərəl ɪˈvent/: 10. detest (v) /dɪˈtest/: 11. DIY (n) /ˌdiː aɪ ˈwaɪ/: 12. don’t mind (v) /dəʊnt maɪnd/: 13. hang out (v) /hỉŋ aʊt/: 14. hooked on (adj)=keen on=fond of=interested in 15. It’s right up my street! (idiom) /ɪts raɪt ʌp maɪ striːt/: 16. join (v) /dʒɔɪn/: 17. leisure (n) /ˈleʒə/: 18. leisure activity (n) /ˈleʒə ỉkˈtɪvəti/: 19. leisure time (n) /ˈleʒə taɪm/: 20. netlingo (n) /netˈlɪŋɡəʊ/: 21. people watching (n) /ˈpiːpl wɒtʃɪŋ/: 22. relax (v) /rɪˈlỉks/: 23. satisfied (adj) /ˈsỉtɪsfaɪd/: 24. socialise (v) /ˈsəʊʃəlaɪz/: 25. weird (adj) /wɪəd/: 26. window shopping (n) /ˈwɪndəʊ ˈʃɒpɪŋ/: 27. virtual (adj) /ˈvɜːtʃuəl/: B. GRAMMAR REVIEW CÁC ĐỘNG TỪ DIỄN ĐẠT SỰ YÊU THÍCH (VERBS OF LIKING) 1. VERBS OF LIKING: Động từ Nghĩa Adore Yêu thích, mê mẩn Love Yêu Like/ enjoy/ fancy Thích Don’t mind Khơng phiền Dislike/ don’t like Khơng thích Hate Ghét Detest Căm ghét 2.VERBS OF LIKING + V_ING / TO V: -Khi muốn dùng một động từ chỉ một hàng động khác ở sau động từ chỉ sự thích, ta phải sử dụng danh động từ (V_ing) hoặc động từ nguyên thể co “to” (toV) 1.Verbs + V-ing/ to V Những động từ đi với cả danh động từ và động từ nguyên thể cĩ “to” mà khơng đổi về nghĩa Verbs Verbs + V-ing Verbs +to V Like I like skateboarding in my free time I like to skateboard in my free time 1
2. Love She loves training her dog She loves to train her dog Hate He hates eating out He hates to eat out Prefer My mother prefers going jogging My mother prefers to go jogging 2. Verbs + V-ing Những động từ chỉ đi với danh động từ Verbs Verbs + V-ing Adore They adore eating ice-cream Fancy Do you fancy making crafts? Don’t mind I don’t mind cooking Dislike Does he dislike swimming? Detest I detest doing housework TEST 1 UNIT 1 I. Find the word which has different sound in the part underlined. 1. A. laughed B. washed C. danced D. played 2. A. beds B. dogs C. porters D. books 3. A. pictures B. watches C. buses D. brushes 4. A. homework B. mother C. open D. judo 5. A. leisure B. eight C. celebrate D. penalty II. Choose the words that have the different stress from the others. 1. A. satisfied B. socialize C. volunteer D. exercise 2. A. information B. technology C. community D. activity 3. A. library B. museum C. melody D. favourite 4. A. protection B. addicted C. computer D. goldfish 5. A. skateboard B. sticker C. adore D. leisure III. Choose the best answer. 1. My dad doesn’t mind my mom from work every day. A. pick up B. picked up C. picking up D. picks up 2. Using computers too much may have harmful effects your minds and bodies. A. on B. to C. with D. onto 3. I love the people in my village. They are so and hospitable. A. friendly B. vast C. slow D. inconvenient 4. Among the , the Tay people have the largest population. A. groups B. majorities C. ethnic minorities D. ethnic cultures. 5. People in the countryside live than those in the city. A. happy B. more happily C. happily D. less happy 6. Viet Nam is multicultural country with 54 ethnic groups. A. a B. an C. the D. A and C 7. We to the countryside two months ago. A. go B. have gone C. went D. will go 8. What will you do if you the final examinations? A. will pass B. would pass C. pass D. passed 9. It rained hard. , my father went to work. A. Therefore B. However C. Because D. So 10. Your sister writes poems and stories, she? A. does B. doesn’t C. will D. won’t 11. Laura fell asleep during the lesson she was tired. A. so B. but C. because D. therefore 12. How much do you want? A. bananas B. eggs C. candies D. sugar 2
3. 13. Tomorrow the director will have a meeting 8:00 am to 10:00 am. A. between B. from C. among D. in 14. We will start our trip 6 o’clock the morning. A. in / in B. at / in C. in / at D. at / at 15. We anything from James since we left school. A. haven’t heard B. heard C. don’t hear D. didn’t hear 16. You have lived in this city since 1998, ? A. haven’t you B. didn’t you C. did you D. have you 17. My students enjoy English very much. A. learn B. learnt C. learning D. to learn IV. Give the correct form of the following verbs. 1. Mai enjoy crafts, especially bracelets. (make) 2. you ever a buffalo? (ride) 3. The children used to a long way to school. (go) 4. They hate their son texting his friends all day. (see) 5. Do you fancy in the park this Sunday? (skateboard) V. Supply the correct form of the words in brackets. 1. People in my country are very warm and . (FRIEND) 2. An is a child whose parents are dead. (ORPHANAGE) 3. L.A Hill is a writer. (HUMOR) 4. I’m sorry for the delay. (EXTREME) 5. She looks more than her sister. (BEAUTY) 6. I am enough to have a lot of friends. (LUCK) 7. They enjoy the summer evenings in the countryside. (PEACE) 8. Those cats look . (LOVE) 9. It was of him to offer to pay for us both. (GENEROUSITY) 10. Role-play is in developing communication skills. (HELP) VI. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions: “in, at, on, after, under, between, beside, out of, above, beneath”. 1. There is a bus station the end of this road. 2. Keep those medicines the children’s reach. 3. I lost my keys somewhere the car and the house. 4. Come and sit your sister. 5. D comes C in the alphabet. 6. The boat sank the waves. 7. Don’t shelter the trees when it’s raining. 8. Please put these books the bookshelf the desk. VII. Read the passage, and then decide whether the statements that follow are True (T) or False (F). In my opinion, using the computer as your hobby can be harmful to both your health and your social life. Firstly, sitting all day in front of the computer can cause health problems such as eye-tiredness and obesity. Secondly you may get irritated easily. Besides, if you use the computer too much, you will not have time for your family and friends. In short, computers should only be used for a limited time. 1. Using the computer too much can make your eyes tired. 1. ___ 2. Using the computer too much is not good for you. 2. ___ 3. We still can spend a lot of time with our family and friends. 3. ___ 4. According to the writer, we can use the computer for a long time. 4. ___ 5. Computers should only be used for a limited time. 5. ___ VIII. Read the passage carefully. MY VILLAGE I live in a village by Mekong River. Every day, like most of my friends, I walk to school. It is three kilometers away. After class, I often help my mother to collect water from the river and feed the chickens. At the weekend, the villagers often gather at the community hall where there is a TV. The adults watch TV, but 3
4. more often they talk about their farm work and exchange news. The children run around playing games and shouting merrily. Laughter is heard everywhere. My father sometimes takes me to the market town nearby where he sells our home products like vegetables, fruits, eggs He then buys me an ice cream and lets me take a ride on the electric train in the town square. I love those trips. On starry nights, we children lie on the grass, looking at the sky and daring each other to find the Milky Way. We dream of faraway places. Answer the following questions. 1. Does the boy like riding on the electric train in the town square? 2. What do the children do on starry nights? 3. Do you like to live in the countryside or in the city? Why? IX. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer for each gap. I surf the Internet every day, but I’ve never (1) more than an hour at a time online. I’ve got a laptop and also a smartphone, so I can (2) the Internet anywhere. Today, for instance, I’ve been (3) three times. Mainly I just (4) my friends. I read online magazines and I look (5) information, too. I also compare prices of things, (6) I’ve never bought anything online because I don’t think it’s safe. I’m not an Internet addict, but some of my friends (7) . One friend of mine always looks (8) because he spends all night online. Although he’s got a lot of bad marks for the exams, he hasn’t (9) his habits. In my experience, it’s very useful for people who use the Internet (10) . 1. A. spend B. spending C. spent 2. A. have B. use C. play 3. A. online B. Internet C. computer 4. A. write B. email C. send 5. A. at B. in C. for 6. A. because B. but C. although 7. A. is B. were C. are 8. A. tired B. hard C. happily 9. A. change B. to change C. changed 10. A. sensible B. sensibly C. sensibleness X. Put the words in the correct order to make meaningful sentences. 1. look / does / she / what / like? => ___ 2. is / she / as / Mai / easy-going / not / as. => ___ 3. classroom / to / they / the / outside / the / prefer. => ___ 4. time / I / most / my / with / spend / of / Hoa => ___ 5. in / sun / the / rises / East / the => ___ UNIIT 2: LIFE IN THE CITY A. TRANSLATE INTO VIETNAMESE 1 beehive (n) /biːhaɪv/: 2 brave (adj) /breɪv/: 4
5. 3 buffalo-drawn cart (n) /ˈbʌfələʊ-drɔːn kɑːt/: 4 cattle (n) /ˈkỉtl/: 5 collect (v) /kəˈlekt/: 6 convenient (adj) /kənˈviːniənt/: 7 disturb (v) /dɪˈstɜːb/: 8 electrical appliance (n) /ɪˈlektrɪkl əˈplaɪəns/: 9 generous (adj) /ˈdʒenərəs/: 10 ger (n) /ger/: 11 Gobi Highlands /ˈgəʊbi ˈhaɪləndz/: 12 grassland (n) /ˈɡrɑːslỉnd/: 13 harvest time (n) /ˈhɑːvɪst taɪm/: 14 herd (v) /hɜːd/: 15 local (adj, n) /ˈləʊkl/: 16 Mongolia (n) /mɒŋˈɡəʊliə/: 17 nomad (n) /ˈnəʊmỉd/: 18 nomadic (adj) /nəʊˈmỉdɪk/: 19 paddy field (n) /ˈpỉdi fiːld/: 20 pasture (n) /ˈpɑːstʃə(r)/: 21 pick (v) /pɪk/: 22 racing motorist (n) /ˈreɪsɪŋ məʊtərɪst/: 23 vast (adj) /vɑːst/: B. GRAMMAR REVIEW B. GRAMMAR: I.Ơn tập so sánh hơn với tính từ( comparative forms of adjectives) Ta sử dụng so sánh hơn của tính từ để so sánh giữa người(hoặc vật) này với người(hoặc vật) khác. Trong câu so sánh hơn, tính từ sẽ được chia làm 2 loại là tính từ dài và tính từ ngắn, trong đĩ: - Tính từ ngắn là tính từ cĩ 1 âm tiết : Ví dụ : tall, high, big - Tính từ dài là tính từ cĩ từ 2 âm tiết trở lên : Ví dụ : expensive, intelligent II. Cấu trúc câu so sánh hơn: Đối với tính từ ngắn Đối với tính từ dài S1 + to be + adj +er + than + S2 Với tính từ ngắn, thêm đuơi “er” vào sau tính từ Với tính từ dài, thêm đuơi “more” vào trước tính từ Ví dụ: Ví dụ: China is bigger than India Gold is more valuable than silver Lan is shorter than Nam Hanh is more beautiful than Hoa My house is bigger than your house Your book is more expensive than my book His pen is newer than my pen Exercise 1 is more difficult than exercise 2 Lưu ý: Để nhấn mạnh ý trong câu so sánh hơn, ta thêm “much” hoặc “far” trước hình thức so sánh Ví dụ: Her boyfriend is much/ far older than her III. Cách sử dụng tính từ trong câu so sánh hơn: 1.Cách thêm đuơi –er vào tính từ ngắn Tính từ kết thúc bởi 1 phụ âm →thêm đuơi –er Old-older, near-nearer Tính từ kết thúc bởi 1 nguyên âm “e” →thêm đuơi –r Nice-nicer Tính từ kết thúc bởi 1 nguyên âm(ueoai) +1 phụ âm → gấp đơi Big-bigger, hot-hotter, fat-fatter phụ âm cuối và thêm đuơi -er Tính từ kết thúc bởi “y” dù cĩ 2 âm tiết vẫn là tính từ ngắn Happy-happier, →bỏ “y” và thêm đuơi “ier” Pretty-prettier Lưu ý: Một số tính từ cĩ hai âm tiết kết thúc bằng “et, ow, er, y” thì áp dụng như quy tắc thêm er ở tính từ ngắn Ví dụ: quiet →quieter clever → cleverer Simple → simpler narrow →narower 5
6. 2.Một vài tính từ đặc biệt: Với một số tính từ sau, dạng so sánh hơn của chúng khơng theo quy tắc trên. Tính từ Dạng so sánh hơn Good Better Bad Worse Far Farther/ further Much/ many More Little Less Old Older/ elder 1. Sắp xếp các từ sau thành câu hoan chỉnh: 1.London /think/ is/ than/ more/ I/ New York/ expensive. ___ 2.Important/ is/ Health/ than/ money/ more. ___ 3.in / in/ city/ better/ the / is/ in /than / country/ convenient / than / is. ___ 4.in / health care/ city/ better/ the / is/ in / than / countryside/ the service/ the. ___ 5.living/ is/ than / in /rural/ more/ areas / living/ urban /in / comfortable/ ___ ___ IV. SO SÁNH HƠN VỚI TRẠNG TỪ (COMPARATIVE FORMS OF ADVERBS) Tương tự như với tính từ, trang từ chia thành 2 loại: -.Trạng từ ngắn là những trạng từ cĩ 1 âm tiết. Ví dụ: hard, near, far, right, wrong -Trạng từ dài là những từ cĩ từ 2 âm tiết trở lên. Ví dụ: slowly, responsibly, quickly, interestingly, tiredly 1.Cấu trúc câu so sánh hơn với trạng từ: Đối với trạng từ ngắn Đối với trạng từ dài S1 +V +adv +er +than+ S2 S1 +V +more / less +adv +than+ S2 Với các trạng từ ngắn, thường là trạng từ chỉ -Với trạng từ dài, hầu hết là các trạng từ chỉ cách thức cách thức cĩ hình thức giống tính từ, ta thêm “er” cĩ đuơi “ly” ta thêm “mỏe”(nhiều hơn) hoặc “less”(ít vào sau trạng từ hơn) vào các trước trang từ -“Less” là từ phản nghĩa của “more” ,được dùng để diễn đạt sự khơng bằng nhau ở mức độ ít hơn. Ví dụ: Ví dụ: They work harder than I do. My friend did the test more carefuly than I did. She runs faster than he does My father talks more slowly than my mother does. My mother gets up earlier than me. Hanh acts less resposibly than anyone I go to school later than my friends do 2.Một vài trạng từ cĩ dạng từ đặc biệt: Tính từ Dạng so sánh hơn Well Better Badly Worse Far Farther/ further Early Earlier Bài 1; Viết lại câu bằng từ đã cho sao cho nghĩa câu khơng thay đổi theo mẫu: 0.This exercise is easier than that one. 6
7. →That exercise is more difficult than that one. 1.Mr Smith is wealthier than Mr.Brown. →Mr Brown___ 2.My house is smaller than my parent’s house. →My parent’s house___ 3.The black dress is more expensive than the red one. →The red dress ___ 4.Today it is colder than yesterday. →Yesterday___ 5.I don’t think you are taller than me. →I don’t think I___ TEST 1 UNIT 2 I. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others. 1. A. neighbor B. cough C. although D. drought 2. A. entertain B. rain C. air D. strain 3. A. try B. facility C. typhoon D. supply 4. A. supermarket B. ruler C. pollution D. urban 5. A. nature B. migrant C. facility D. away II. Choose the words that have the different stress from the others. 1. A. nomadic B. generous C. colourful D. countryside 2. A. popular B. calculus C. beehive D. disturb 3. A. harvest B. collect C. peaceful D. whisper 4. A. charade B. transport C. expect D. paddy 5. A. opportunity B. inconvenient C. facility D. optimistic III. Use the adjective in brackets in their correct forms of comparison to complete the sentences. 1. Tea is coffee. (cheap) 2. The new harvest machine is than the old one. (effective) 3. The countryside is the town. (beautiful) 4. A tractor is a buffalo. (powerful) 5. My sister is me. (tall) IV. Choose the best answers of these sentences. 1. Of the four dresses, I like the red one (better/ best). 2. Bill is the (happier/ happiest) person we know. 3. Pat’s cat is (faster/ fastest) than Peter’s. 4. This poster is (colourfuler/ more colourful) than the one in the hall. 5. Does Fred feel (weller/ better) today than he did yesterday? V. Complete the sentences with the correct verb form. 1. John adores (play) badminton in the winter 2. My father sometimes goes (hunt) in the forests. He’d like to find some more food for our family. 3. The boy (pick) up a stone and threw it in to the river. 4. He (collect) stamps from many countries since he (be) eight. 5. Which sports do you like (play)? VI. Fill in each blank with the appropriate form of the word in brackets. 1. There is a of books on the shelf. (collect) 2. It is very for people in remote areas to get to hospitals. (convenience) 3. He is very with his hands. (skill) 4. It is said that water collected from the local streams is to drink. (safe) 5. We want relations with all countries. (friend) VII. Fill in each blank with the appropriate form of the word in brackets. 7
8. 1. Iceland is considered the most country in the world. (peace) 2. A lifestyle has its advantages and disadvantages. (nomad) 3. My brother has been a stamp for several years. (collect) 4. It is a/ an place to hold a picnic because it is too far from the road. (convenience) 5. Drinking water in some areas may be . (safe) VIII. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentence. 1. Teenagers enjoy to music and out with friends. A. listen – hang B. to listen – to hang C. listening – hang D. listening – hanging 2. Don’t worry. It is to travel to that village even at night. A. safe B. unsafe C. difficult D. inconvenient 3. Life in a small town is than that in a big city. A. peaceful B. much peaceful C. less peaceful D. much more peaceful 4. The boys often help their parents to water from the village well. A. gather B. collect C. absorb D. give 5. month is the Hoa Ban festival of the Thai people held in? A. When B. Which C. How many D. How often 6. Vietnamese people have many customs and crafts. A. tradition B. traditional C. culture D. cultural 7. It is in the city than it is in the country. A. noisily B. more noisier C. noisier D. noisy 8. The English test was than I thought it would be. A. the easier B. more easy C. easiest D. easier 9. English is thought to be than Math. A. harder B. the more hard C. hardest D. the hardest 10. My house is hers. A. cheap than B. cheaper C. more cheap than D. cheaper than 11. Her office is away than mine. A. father B. more far C. farther D. farer 12. Tom is than David. A. handsome B. the more handsome C. more handsome D. the most handsome 13. He did the test I did. A. as bad as B. badder than C. more badly than D. worse than 14. A boat is than a plane. A. slower B. slowest C. more slow D. more slower 15. My new sofa is than the old one. A. more comfortable B. comfortably C. more comfortabler D. comfortable 16. My sister dances than me. A. gooder B. weller C. better D. more good 17. This road is than that road. A. narrower B. narrow C. the most narrow D. more narrower 18. He drives his brother. A. more careful than B. more carefully C. more carefully than D. as careful as 19. It was day of the year. A. the colder B. the coldest C. coldest D. colder 20. She is student in my class. A. most hard-working B. more hard-working C. the most hard-working D. as hard-working 8
9. IX. Read the following passage and choose the best answer A, B, C or D. Sydney is Australia’s most exciting city. The history of Australia begins here. In 1788 Captain Arthur Philips arrived in Sydney with 11 ships and 1624 passengers from Britain (including 770 prisoners). Today there are about 3.6 million people in Sydney. It is the biggest city in Australia, the busiest port in the South Pacific and one of the most beautiful cities in the world. In Sydney, the buildings are higher, the colors are brighter and the nightlife is more exciting. There are over 20 excellent beaches close to Sydney and its warm climate and cool winter have made it a favorite city for immigrants from overseas. There are two things that make Sydney famous: its beautiful harbor, the Sydney Harbor Bridge, which was built in 1932 and the Sydney Opera House, which was opened in 1973. 1. Where did Captain Arthur Philips arrive in 1788? A. South Pacific B. Sydney Harbor C. Britain D. Sydney 2. Which of the following should be the title of the reading passage? A. Sydney’s Opera House B. The history of Sydney C. Sydneys beaches and harbors D. An introduction of Sydney 3. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Sydney? A. Sydney is not a favorite city for immigrants from overseas. B. Sydney is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. C. Sydney is the most exciting city in Australia. D. Sydney is the biggest port in the South Pacific. 4. How many beaches are there close to Sydney? A. 11 beaches B. over 20 beaches C. nearly 20 beaches D. 770 beaches 5. When was the Sydney Harbor Bridge built? A. 1788 B. 1973 C. 1932 D. 1625 X. Choose the item among A, B, C or D that best answers the question about the passage. Living in the country is something that people from the city often dream about. However, in reality, it has both advantages and disadvantages. There are certainly many advantages of living in the country. First, you can enjoy peace and quietness. Moreover, people tend to be friendlier. A further advantage is that there is less traffic, so it is safer for young children. However, there are certain disadvantages or drawbacks to life outside the city. First, because there are fewer people, you are likely to have few friends. In addition, entertainment is difficult to find, particularly in the evening. Furthermore, the fact that there are fewer shops and services so it is quite hard to find jobs. As a result, you may have to travel a long way to work, which can be extremely expensive. In conclusion, it can be seen that the country is more suitable for some people than others. On the whole, it is often the best place for those who are retired or who have young children. In contrast, young or single people who have a career are better provided for in the city. 1. According to the passage, living in the country has . A. both good and bad points B. only bad points C. only good points D. no disadvantages 2. How many advantages does living in the country have? A. Two B. Four C. Three D. No 3. Living in the country is safer for young children because . A. there are few shops B. there is less traffic C. there are fewer people D. there are few services 4. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A. The country is only suitable for retired people. B. It’s hard to find entertainment in the country. C. There are fewer shops and services in the country. 9
10. D. People in the country tend to be friendlier than people in the city. 5. Having few friends is . A. one of drawbacks to life in the country B. the only disadvantage of living in the country C. one of certain advantages to life outside the city D. one of certain drawbacks to life outside the city XI. Read the text and choose the suitable words with the correct blank spaces. visitors stories mountain any riding to with life I live in a (1) village. My parents often tell me (2) about their life in the past. It’s not much like the village I can see nowadays. Some villagers now live in brick houses instead of earthen ones. Our houses are better equipped (3) electric fans and TVs. Thanks to the TV, we now know more about (4) outside our village. We don’t use oil lamps (5) more. We have electric lights which are much brighter. More villagers are using motorcycles for transport instead of (6) a horse or walking. We – village children – no longer have to walk a long way and cross a stream to get (7) school, which is dangerous in the rainy season. Now there’s a new school nearby. We also have more (8) from the city. They come to experience our way of life. XII. Read the text and decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F). Tokyo is a famous city. There are a few good buildings and impressive temples; there are a few parks worth visiting. Everything has to be small in Tokyo: houses, rooms, shops. Long-side streets consist of tiny houses only, and this often creates a toy-like, with small women tip-toeing along in their kimonos. Tokyo at night is a very different place from Tokyo in daytime. Millions of neon lights are switched on and nowhere in the world is more attractive. A town is not its buildings alone; it is an atmosphere, its pleasure, its sadness, its madness, and above all its people. Tokyo may lack architectural beauty but it has character and excitement; it is alive. I found it a mysterious and lovable city. 1. ___There are many beautiful buildings in Tokyo. 2. ___There is nothing to see in the parks in Tokyo. 3. ___Many small houses found along long road. 4. ___At night, Tokyo is not as attractive as many other cities. 5. ___Tokyo has beautiful architecture. 6. ___The author likes Tokyo. XIII. Rewrite each sentence so it has the same meaning. Use a comparative form of the adjective in brackets. 1. Tim is older than Sarah. (young) Sarah 2. Our house is large than yours. (small) Your house is 3. Bill is not as tall as David. (short) Bill is 4. Jack’s marks are worse than mine. (good) My marks 5. This book is the same price at that one. (expensive) That book is 6. Your bike is slower than mine. (fast) My bike XIV. Rewrite the sentences of comparison. 1. Her old house is bigger than her new one. −˃ Her new house 2. No one in my class is taller than Peter. 10
11. −˃ Peter 3. The black dress is more expensive than the white one. −˃ The white dress 4. According to me, English is easier than Maths. −˃ According to me, Maths 5. No one in my group is more intelligent than Mary. −˃ Mary UNIT 3: PEOPLES OF VIET NAM A. TRANSLATE IN TO VIETNAMESE. 1. ancestor (n) /ˈỉnsestə(r)/: 2. basic (adj) /ˈbeɪsɪk/: 3. complicated (adj) /ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd/: 4. costume (n) /ˈkɒstjuːm/: 5. curious (adj) /ˈkjʊəriəs/: 6. custom (n) /ˈkʌstəm/: 7. diverse (adj) /daɪˈvɜːs/: 8. diversity (n) /daɪˈvɜːsəti/: 9. ethnic (adj) /ˈeθnɪk/ (thuộc): 10. ethnic group (n) /ˈeθnɪk ɡruːp/ : 11. ethnic minority people (n) /ˈeθnɪk maɪˈnɒrəti ˈpiːpl/: 12. gather (v) /ˈɡỉðə(r)/: 13. heritage (n) /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/: 14. hunt (v) /hʌnt/: 15. insignificant (adj) /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/: 16. majority (n) /məˈdʒɒrəti/: 17. minority (n) /maɪˈnɒrəti/: 18. multicultural (adj) /ˌmʌltiˈkʌltʃərəl/: 19. recognise (v) /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/: 20. shawl (n) /ʃɔːl/: 21. speciality (n) /ˌspeʃiˈỉləti/: 22. stilt house (n) /stɪlt haʊs/ 23. terraced field (n) /ˈterəst fiːld/: 24. tradition (n) /trəˈdɪʃn/: 25. unique (adj) /juˈniːk/: 26. waterwheel (n) /ˈwɔːtəwiːl/: B. GRAMMAR REVIEW I. ƠN TẬP CÂU HỎI. (QUESTION) Theo quy tắc ngữ pháp, khi là câu hỏi thì chúng ta cần đảo trợ động từ (auxiliray verbs) lên trước chủ ngữ 1. Câu hỏi Yes/No (Yes/No Questions) Câu hỏi dạng Yes/No Questions là dạng câu hỏi địi hỏi câu trả lời là Yes (cĩ) hoặc No (khơng). Cấu trúc Ví dụ Trợ động từ (be/ do/ does) + chủ ngữ (S) + Isn’t Lan going to school today? động từ + .? Hơm nay Lan đi học phải khơng? Yes, S + trợ động từ / tobe. Yes, she is. (đúng vậy) Hoặc Was Hung sick yesterday? No, S + trợ động từ / tobe + not No, he wasn’t. (khơng, anh ấy khơng bệnh) 2. Wh-question 11
12. Trong tiếng Anh, khi chúng ta cần hỏi rõ ràng và cần cĩ câu trả lời cụ thể, ta dùng câu hỏi với các từ để hỏi. Loại câu hỏi này được gọi là câu hỏi trực tiếp (direct questions) a. Các từ dùng để hỏi trong tiếng Anh Who (Ai) (chức năng Whom (Ai) (chức What (Cái gì) Whose (Của ai) chủ ngữ) năng tân ngữ Where (Ở đâu) Which (cái nào) (để When (Khi nào) Why (Tại sao) hỏi về sự lựa chọn) How (như thế nào) How much (Bao How many (Bao How long (Bao lâu) nhiêu) nhiêu, số lượng) How far(Bao xa) How old (Bao nhiêu How often (Bao nhiêu What time (Mấy tuổi) lần) giờ) Các cấu trúc câu hỏi WH thường gặp • Nguyên tắc đặt câu hỏi - Nếu chưa cĩ trợ động từ thì phải mượn trợ động từ :do/ does/ did - Nếu trợ động từ cĩ sẵn (am/is/are/can /will/shall/would/could) thì đảo chúng ra trước chủ ngữ, khơng mượn do/does/did nữa. • Cấu trúc thơng thường của loại câu hỏi Wh-questions Từ để hỏi thường được viết ở đầu câu hỏi.Từ để hỏi cĩ thể làm chủ ngữ (subject) hay tân ngữ (object) và bổ ngữ. Dạng Cấu trúc Chú ý Dạng 1: Wh-word + auxiliary + S + V + object? Object là danh từ, đại từ Câu hỏi Từ để hỏi + trợ động từ + chủ ngữ + động từ chính đứng sau động từ hoặc tân ngữ + (tân ngữ) giới từ. Ví dụ: Where do you live? (Anh sống ở đâu?) What are you doing? (Ạnh đang làm gì thế?) Whom do you meet this morning? (Anh gặp lại ai sáng nay?) (Whom là tân ngữ của động từ “meet”) Who are you going with? (Bạn sẽ đi với ai?) Dạng 2: Wh-word + tobe + S + complement? Bổ ngữ là danh từ hoặc Câu hỏi (Từ để hỏi + động từ tobe + chủ ngữ + bổ ngữ) tính từ bổ ngữ Ví dụ. Động từ tobe chia theo Where is John? (John ở đâu?) chủ ngữ Who are you? (Bạn là ai?) Whose is this umbrella? (Cái ơ này của ai?) Who is the head of your school? (Hiệu trưởng của trường anh là ai?) Dạng 3: Wh-word + V + object? Động từ chính luơn được Câu hỏi (Từ để hỏi + động từ chính + tân ngữ) chia theo ngơi thứ 3 số ít. chủ ngữ Ví dụ. Who lives in London with Daisy? (Ai sống ở London cùng với Daisy vậy?) Who is opening the door? (Ai đang mở cửa đấy?) Who teaches you English? (Ai dạy bạn Tiếng Anh?) Which is better? (Cái/loại nào tốt hơn?) 12
13. What caused the accident? (Nguyên nhân gì đã gây ra tai nạn?) C.Trường hợp câu hỏi đặc biệt với WHICH Cách dùng Ví dụ “Which’ được sử dụng thay thế cho What Which of you can’t do this exercise? (Em và Who khi ta muốn hỏi ai đĩ chính xác về nào (trong số các em) khơng làm được bài người hay vật trong một số lượng nhất định. tập này?) Người nghe phải chọn trong giới hạn ấy để Which way to the station, please? (Cho hỏi trả lời. đường nào đi đến ga ạ?) Bài1. Dựa vào từ cho sẵn, viết câu hỏi hồn chỉnh 1. How many/ groups of people/ there/ in your country? 2. How/ your/ party/ last week? 3. How/ you/go/ school/ yesterday? 4. Whose/ cat/ it? . 5. Jim/ learn/ Geography/ at the moment? II. MẠO TỪ KHƠNG XÁC ĐỊNH : A/ AN A. Lý thuyết 1. A đứng trước một phụ âm hoặc một nguyên âm (a, e, i, o, u) cĩ âm là phụ âm. - a game (một trị chơi); a boat (một chiếc tàu thủy) - a university (một trường đại học); a year (một năm) - a European (một người Âu); a one-legged man (một người thọt chân) 2. An đứng trước một nguyên âm hoặc một h câm. - an egg (một quả trứng); an ant (một con kiến) - an honour (một niềm vinh dự); an hour (một giờ đồng hồ) 3. An cũng đứng trước các mẫu tự đặc biệt đọc như một nguyên âm. - an SOS (một tín hiệu cấp cứu); an MSc (một thạc sĩ khoa học), an X-ray (mơt tia X) 4.A/An cĩ hình thức giống nhau ở tất cả các giống. - a tiger (một con cọp); a tigress (một con cọp cái) - an uncle (một ơng chú); an aunt (một bà dì) B. Ví dụ: 1. Trước một danh từ số ít đếm được. - We need a computer. (Chúng tơi cần một máy vi tính) - He eats an ice-cream. (Anh ta ăn một cây kem) 2. Trước một danh từ làm bổ túc từ (kể cả danh từ chỉ nghề nghiệp) - It was a tempest. (Đĩ là một trận bão dữ dội) - She’ll be a musician. (Cơ ta sẽ là một nhạc sĩ) - Peter is an actor. (Peter là một diễn viên) 3. Trong các thành ngữ chỉ số lượng nhất định - a lot (nhiểu); a couple (một cặp/đơi); a third (một phần ba) - a dozen (một tá); a hundred (một trăm); a quarter (một phần tư) 4. Trong các thành ngữ chỉ giá cả, tốc độ, tỉ lệ - 90 kilometres an hour (chín mươi kilomet/giờ) 13
14. - 4 times a day (bốn lần mỗi ngày) - 2 dollars a litre (hai đơ la một lít) (a/an = per (mỗi)) 5. Trong các thành ngữ chỉ sự cảm thán - What a pity! (thật đáng tiếc!) - Such a picturesque hill! (một ngọn đồi thật thơ mộng!) - What a beautiful painting! (một bức tranh tuyệt vời!) 6.a cĩ thể đứng trước Mr/Mrs/Miss + họ - a Mr Smith, a Mrs Smith, a Miss Smith III. MẠO TỪ XÁC ĐỊNH : THE The dùng cho cả danh từ đếm được (số ít lẫn số nhiểu) và danh từ khơng đếm được. The truth (sự thật) The time (thời gian) The bicycle (một chiếc xe đạp) The bicycles (những chiếc xe đạp) • Khơng dùng mạo từ xác định: 1. Trước tên quốc gia, tên châu lục, tên núi, tên hổ, tên đường. Europe (Châu Âu), South America (Nam Mỹ), France (nước Pháp) 2. Khi danh từ khơng đếm được hoặc danh từ số nhiều dùng theo nghĩa chung nhất, chứ khơng chỉ riêng trường hợp nào. - I don’t like French beer. (Tơi chẳng thích bia của Pháp.) - I don’t like Mondays. (Tơi chẳng thích những ngày thứ Hai.) 3. Trước danh từ trừu tượng, trừ phi danh từ đĩ chỉ một trường hợp cá biệt. - Men fear death. (Con người sợ cái chết.) (But) - The death of the President made his country acephalous. (Cái chết của vị tổng thống đã khiến cho đất nước ơng khơng cĩ người lãnh đạo). 4. Sau sở hữu tính từ hoặc sau danh từ ở sở hữu cách - My friend, chứ khơng nĩiMy the friend - The girl’s mother = the mother of the girl (Mẹ của cơ gái) 5. Trước tên gọi các bữa ăn -They invited some friends to dinner. (Họ đã mời vài người bạn đến ăn tối) 6. Trước các tước hiệu - President Roosevelt (Tổng thống Roosevelt) - King Louis XIV of France (Vua Louis XIV của Pháp) 7. Trong các trường hợp sau đây - Women are always fond of music. (Phụ nữ luơn thích âm nhạc.) - Come by car/ by bus (Đến bằng xe ơtơ/ xe buýt) - In spring/ in autumn (Vào mùa xuân/ mùa thu), last night (đêm qua), next year (năm tới), from beginning to end (từ đầu tới cuối), from left to right (từ trái sang phải) - Play golf/ chess/ cards/ football/ (chơi gơn/ đánh cờ/ đánh bài) BÀI 1: Điền mạo từ “a”, “an” hoặc “the” vào chỗ trống sao cho phù hợp. 1. We have __ cat and ___ dog, ___ cat doesn’t get on well with ___ dog. 2. You can see ___ moon clearly in the Mid-Autumn festival. 3. He is ___famous actor. 4. My brother doesn’t like ___ present I gave him. 5. Where is ___ book I lent you last week? 6. My father works as ___ electrician. 7. Have you ever heard about ___ River Thames? 8. I want to travel around ___ world when I grow up. 9. Yesterday my mother had ___terrible headache. 10. Where are ___kids? They are playing outside. 14
15. TEST 1 UNIT 3 I. Choose the word whose main stress is placed differently from the others. 1. A. notice B. surface C. contact D. effect 2. A. humid B. airmail C. discuss D. pancake 3. A. area B. comfort C. market D. concern 4. A. customer B. delicious C. grocery D. resident 5. A. organize B. discussion C. restaurant D. neighbor II. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently the others. 1. A. tasty B. mall C. stadium D. change 2. A. grocery B. month C. comfort D. money 3. A. just B. summer C. much D. ruler 4. A. around B. delicious C. house D. ground 5. A. exhibition B. neighborhood C. hot D. humid III. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences. 1. Children drink milk every day. - It’s good for them. A. must B. ought C. don’t have to D. must not 2. I think Angela to buy that coat, it’s really lovely. A. must B. ought C. should D. have 3. We’ll go swimming today it’s hot. A. so B. because C. so that D. then 4. Let me your bag. A. carry B. to carry C. to carrying D. carrying 5. It’ll take me an hour to do the household . A. work B. chores C. job D. exercises 6. The Gong Festival is held in the Central Highlands. A. year B. which C. annual D. annually 7. does Hoa Ban Festival take place? - In Lai Chau. A. What B. Where C. When D. How 8. It is typical of the cultural life of Thai people. A. some B. a C. the D. Ø 9. do the cattle provide for the nomads? - Dairy products, meat, and clothing,, A. What B. Where C. Why D. How 10. During the festival, they fly many kites in different shapes and sizes. A. colour B. colourless C. colourful D. colouring 11. An old woman was the goats up the mountainside. A. riding B. taking C. herding D. running 12. is the festival celebrated? – Every year. A. When B. How often C. How D. What 13. We are looking for place to spend night. A. the-the B. a-the C. a-a D. the-a 14. Please turn off lights when you leave room. A. the-the B. a-a C. the-a D. a-the 15. We are looking for people with experience. A. the B. a C. an D. Ø 16. Would you pass me salt, please? A. a B. the C. an D. Ø 17. Can you show me way to station? A. the – the B. a – a C. the – a D. a – the 18. She has read interesting book. A. a B. an C. the D. Ø 15
16. 19. You’ll get shock if you touch live wire with that screwdriver. A. an – the B. Ø – the C. a – a D. an – the 20. Mr. Smith is old customer and honest man. A. an – the B. the – an C. an – an D. the – the 21. youngest boy has just started going to school. A. A – Ø B. Ø – the C. an – Ø D. The – Ø 22. Do you go to prison to visit him? A. the B. a C. Ø D. an 23. eldest boy is at college. A. a – the B. The – Ø C. Ø – a D. an – x 24. Are you going away next week? - No, week after next. A. an B. a C. the D. Ø 25. Would you like to hear story about English scientist? A. an – the B. the – the C. a – the D. a – an 26. There’ll always be a conflict between old and young. A. the – the B. an – a C. an – the D. the – a 27. There was collision at corner. A. the – a B. an – the C. a – the D. the – the 28. My mother thinks that this is expensive shop. A. the B. an C. a D. Ø 29. Like many women, she loves parties and gifts. A. the – a B. a – the C. a – a D. Ø – Ø 30. She works seven days week. A. a B. the C. an D. Ø IV. Choose the correct answers. 1. Is this a person / the person you told me about? 2. This is the only cinema/an only cinema in the area. 3. Philip has just bought the Thames barge / a Thames barge. 4. I’m going to the British Museum /British Museum this afternoon. 5. Are you going to church / the church on Sunday? V. Complete the sentences, using the correct form of the words in brackets. 1. Nga eats more than Tung does because she likes fast food. (healthy) 2. Viet Nam is a country with different peoples, religions and traditions. (cultural) 3. Most of the Central Highlands is . (mountain) 4. The houses of many ethnic groups are used to worship the ancestors. (commune) 5. To become friendlier, you should with your workmates. (socialisation) VI. Read the following passage and choose the item (A, B, C or D) that best answers each of the questions about it. Hi! My name is John. I live in Liverpool. Liverpool is a large city in the north of England. I live with my parents, my two brothers and my sister. We live in a large house. In our house, there is a big kitchen, a dining room, a large living room, and a toilet. There is also a separate room for our washing machine and freezer. Upstairs there are five bedrooms, two bathrooms, and another toilet. Outside, there is a large garden. There are two garages. 1. Where does John live? A. In England B. In Wales C. In Scotland D. In France 2. How many people are there in John’s family? A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7 3. How many rooms are there in John’s house? A. 10 B. 11 C. 13 D. 14 4. Dining room is the room in a house where you . 16
17. A. usually relax in comfortable chairs B. eat meals C. cook food and wash dishes D. wash your body 5. Which of the following is not true? A. John’s family live in a large house. B. John’s house is big but doesn’t have any gardens. C. The kitchen in John’s house is big. D. John’s house has two garages. VII. Choose the word (A, B, C, or D) that best fits each of the blank spaces. Dear Grandma and Grandpa, Hi! How are you? We’re (1) . Well, we finally moved! This is a picture (2) the living room of our new house. It’s really huge. There are lots of (3) so it’s very sunny. (4) , we don’t have (5) yet. We (6) a beautiful couch actually, a sofa bed. We want (7) an ultra- modern table to put (8) of it. Please visit soon after we get our new couch. Love, Sharon and Alex 1. A. fine B. good C. well D. all are correct 2. A. on B. with C. about D. of 3. A. rooms B. windows C. couches D. cushions 4. A. Of course B. For example C. Because D. Soon 5. A. much furniture B. many furnitures C. much furnitures D. many furniture 6. A. buy B. buys C. are buying D. bought 7. A. get B. getting C. to get D. to getting 8. A. beside B. behind C. in front D. next TEST YOURSELF 1 I. Choose the word that has underlined part pronounced differently from the rest. 1. a. vast b. cart c. craft d.paddy 2. a. scarf b. school c. science d. scare 3. a. terraced b. satisfied c. hooked d. relaxed 4. a. ethnic b. unique c. basic d. diverse 5. a. sure b. soundly c. simple d. stilt II. Choose the word that has different stress pattern. 1. a. generous b. nomadic c. interesting d. comfortable 2. a. community b. identify c. expensive d. socialize 3. a. colourful b. buffalo c. blackberry d. convenient 4. a. active b. commune c. diverse d. heritage 5. a. leisure b. minority c. exciting d. traditional III. Choose the answer a, b, c or d to complete the sentence. 1. We are all hook ___ making star lanterns. a. in b. off c. on d. to 2. Their family have moved to the city ___ 2001. a. horn b.for c.in d. since 3. The Kinh have the largest number of people, ___ for 86% of the population. a. holding b.taking c. accounting d. numbering 4. I’m tired of ___ inthe city. It’s too busy, noisy and dirty. a. live b.to live c.to be lived d. living 5. ___ drop that mobile phone and do your homework? a. Why don’t you b. How about c. Would you mind d. When did you 6. The Hmong of Sa Pa are called Black Hmong ___ their mainly black clothing. a. because of b.in spite of c.in order to d. according to 17
18. 7. People in rural areas live ___ than those in cities. a. simplier b.more simply c. more simple d. simpler 8. The highlands of northern Vietnam are home to the 1.5 million-strong Tay, ___ minority group. a. Vietnam’s largest b. the Vietnam’s largest c. a Vietnam’s largest d. the largest Vietnam 9. ___ is the Nung’s clothing? ~ Indigo. a. What b.Which group c. What colour d. Whose 10 ‘I find it hard to build a toy car.’ ‘But ___’ a. my pleasure b. it’s my fault. c. it sounds great! d. it’s right up your street! IV. Supply the correct tense or form of the verbs in brackets. 1. ___ (you/ ever/ take) a trip to the countryside? It’s really interesting! 2. For many nomads, their cattle ___ (provide) meat, milk, and hides fortheir own use. 3. When I was a kid, I ___ (spend) hours gleaning rice from paddy fields. 4. Sa Pa’s love market ___ (be) an unique aspect in the culture of the Mong and Dao ethnic groups for a long time. 5. Where is Jeanny? ~ She ___ (practise) the piano in the music room. V. Write the correct form of the words in brackets. 1. His ___ to the Internet is taking over his life. (addict) 2. Who lives more happily, ___ or city dwellers? (nomadic) 3. Children in rural areas often travel to school ___ than those in big cities. (far) 4. Red River Delta is an agriculturally rich area and densely ___. (populate) 5. Dao and San Chay have ___ practised shifting cultivation. (tradition) VI.Read the passage and do the tasks below The Hmong, or Meo, who number about 800,000, are found in villages known as giao throughout the highlands of northern Vietnam. The Hmong migrated to Vietnam from the southern China at the beginning of the 19th century. The Hmong minority group has been subdivided into branches classified by women’s costume, dialect and customs. For example, the Hmong of Sa Pa are called Black Hmong because of their predominantly black clothing. The most colourful sub-group are the Flower Hmong, found in large numbers around Bac Ha in Lao Cai province, who wear bright-coloured clothes with embroidery. Corn is the main staple of Hmong people, but rice is often grown on terraces watered with the aid of irrigation. Hemp is grown to be woven into textiles, and cotton is also cultivated in some villages. As skilled artisans, the Hmong produce a variety of items, including handwoven indigo-dyed cloth, paper, silver jewellry, leather goods, baskets and embroidery. The Hmong have no written language. Their legends, songs, folklore and proverbs have been passed down from one generation to the next through the spoken word. A. Decide if the statements are true (T) or false (F). 1. The Hmong in Vietnam have a population of 8 million people. 2. They immigrated from China approximately 300 years ago. 3. Black Hmong women wear black clothing. 4. Rice is the most important crop of Hmong people. 5. Hemp is cultivated for textile fiber. 6. The Hmong don’t have their own language. B. Answer the questions. 1. What is the other name of the Hmong? ___ 2. When did the Hmong come to Vietnam? ___ 3. Why are the Hmong of Sa Pa called Black Hmong? ___ 4. Where do the Hmong grow rice? ___ 18
19. 5. What are the products of the Hmong people? ___ 6. How have their legends, songs, folklore and proverbs been passed down? ___ VII Write the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one. 1. Flying a kite in the countryside is very exciting. It’s ___ 2. I have done voluntary work for three years. I started ___ 3. It took me two hours to walk to her village. I spent ___ 4. Millions of tourists visit the Museum of Ethnology every year. The Museum of Ethnology ___ 5. Jane makes crafts better than her sister. Jane’s sister doesn’t ___ 6. Let’s go to my uncle’s farm at the weekend. Amy suggested ___ VIII.Filling the gaps with the words/phrases in the box to give your opinion about the best leisure activity. More than one word can be suitable for some gaps. In addition also As I have noted In my opinion Besides I think My favourite leisure activity is listening to music. (1) , listening to music is not only helps me relax but also provides me with musical knowledge. I (2) like the time that I can live lazily in bed, put on the small earphone with my iPod and enjoy any favourite songs of many kinds of music: pop music, hip-hop, rock or jazz I like pop music very much because I think it is gentle and suitable for teenagers. I listen to rock music when I am sad and after that I feel cheerful and happy. (3) music from other countries is also good for teenagers to understand other cultures. (4) that, the lyrics are easy to understand and interesting. (5) , it can improve my English and listening skills.(6) , music is an important part of life and it helps me love my life more. GOOD LUCK TO YOU ! 19