Đề cương Ôn tập môn Tiếng Anh lớp 8 - Học kì II

Nội dung text: Đề cương Ôn tập môn Tiếng Anh lớp 8 - Học kì II

1. I. The uses of tenses : (cách sử dụng thì) 1. Câu khẳng định: THÌ CÔNG THỨC TRẠNG TỪ 1. Simple Present -I, We, You, They + Vo Always, usually, often, sometimes, -He, She, It + Vs / es seldom, rarely, ( Be -> Am/ Is/ Are ) every (day, week, year, ) 2. Simple Past -S + Ved / 2 Yesterday, ago, in (1990), last (night, week, year, ) 3. Simple Future -I, We + Shall + Vo Tomorrow, next (week, year, ), -S + Will in(2010), 4. Present Continuous -I + Am Now, rightnow, at the moment, -He, She, It + Is + V-ing At present, Look !, Listen ! -We, You, They + Are 5. Past Continuous -I, He, She, It + Was At (10 a.m yesterday), -We, You, They + Were + V- While + th/ gian ở quá khứ 6. Present Perfect -I, We, You, They + Have ing Since, for(+th/ gian), just, yet, -He, She, It + Has + already, ever, never, recently, Ved/3 7. Past Perfect Before, by the time , -S + Had + Ved/ 3 After, 2. Câu phủ định và câu nghi vấn: THÌ CÂU PHỦ ĐỊNH CÂU NGHI VẤN 1. Simple Present S + Do + Not + Vo Do + S + Vo ? + Does Does (V:động từ thường) 2. Simple Past S + Did + Not + Vo Did + S + Vo ? (V:động từ thường) 3. Simple Future S + Will + Not + Vo Will + S + Vo ? Shall Shall 4. Present Cont. S + Am + Not + V-ing Am + S + V-ing ? Is/ Are Is/ Are 5. Past Cont. S + Was + Not + V-ing Was + S + V-ing ? Were Were 6. Present Perfect S + Have + Not + Ved/ 3 Have + S + Ved/ 3 ? Has Has 7. Past Perfect S + Had + Not + Ved/ 3 Had + S + Ved/ 3 ? Thì hiện tại đơn : +Ves khi động từ tận cùng là S, Sh, Ch, X, O, Z Ex: He watches T.V every night. II. Passive Voice: (Thể bị động) 1. General Formation :(Công thức tổng quát) Active: S + V + O ( Ved/ 3 = Past participle ) Passive: S + BE + Ved/ 3 + ( Be: chia cùng thì với động từ chính V By O của câu chủ động ) 2. Công thức thể bị động của các thì: Tên thì Passive voice 1. Hiện tại đơn S + Am/ Is/ Are + Ved/ 3 + By O 1
2. 2. Quá khứ đơn S + Was/ Were + Ved/ 3 + By O 3. Modals S + Will + Be + Ved/ 3 + By O ( will/ shall/ can/ may/ must/ Shall would/ should/ could/ might ) Can 4. Hiện tại hoàn thành S + Has/ Have + Been + Ved/ 3 + By O V. Prepositions: (giới từ) ( at, in, on, of,for, about, by, up, with, without, ) Time (Thời gian) 1. At + giờ Ex: at 9 o’clock 2. In + năm Ex: in 1985 + tháng in May + mùa in Summer 3. On + thứ trong tuần. Ex: on Monday + tháng, ngày. on September 5th + tháng, ngày, năm. on April 30th, 1975. 4. Since + thời điểm. Ex: since 1990 ( thì hiện tại hoàn thành) For + khoảng thời gian. for 2 years 5. From . . . to . . . Ex: from 1995 to 2000 ( từ . . . đến . . .) Place (Nơi chốn): 1. At + nơi nhỏ, hẹp Ex: at home, at school. 2. In + nơi rộng lớn in HCM city, in England, in the world. 3. -In the middle of (ở giữa) - In front of (ở trước ) -In the centre of (ở trung tâm) - On the top of ( ở trên đỉnh) Manner (thể cách): 1. By + phương tiện đi lại. Ex: by car ( plane, train, ship . . .) 2 By + O ( bởi, passive voice) Ex: America was discovered by Columbus. 3.-On foot ( đi bộ) Direction – Motion ( Phương hướng- Chuyển động): 1. In the North ( South, East, West) : ở phía Bắc ( Nam, Đông, Tây ) 2. On the left ( right ) : ở bên trái ( phải) 3. -From ( từ) - To ( đến ) -Into ( vào trong) Some expressions: -to take part ( in) : tham gia vào - to be interested ( in) : thích, quan tâm - to check ( in) : đăng ký - to be fond ( of) : thích - to be proud ( of) : tự hào về - to remind ( of) : gợi nhớ về - to even ( up) : san bằng ( tỉ số) - to talk ( about) sth : nói về - to tell ( about ) sth : kể về - to look ( at) : nhìn. Ngắm - to look ( for) : tìm, kiếm - to look ( after) : chăm sóc - to be good ( at) : giỏi về - to be bad ( at) : dở về - to be afraid ( of) : sợ, e ngại VI. Gerund – Infinitive: ( động từ thêm –ING và động từ nguyên mẫu ) Qui tắc chung: thông thường hai động từ cách nhau bởi “ TO”. Ex: She wants to see her friend. 2
3. - Advise - Ask - Request + O + to V - Tell - Beg Ex: My mother advises me to get up early. Một số ngoại lệ: 1. Những động từ được theo sau bởi “gerund”: - Keep - Enjoy - Finish + V-ING - Prefer - Practice - Mind Ex: The children kept talking about the acrobats. 2. Những động theo sau bởi “gerund” hoặc “ to infinitive”: - Like - Love V-ING - Hate + - Begin to V - Start Ex: Do you like reading novels ? to read 3. Giới từ ( in, at, on,of, ) + V-ING Ex: English people are fond of watching football. 4. Thể truyền khiến ( causative form): - Have + S.O + V ( active) - Have + S.T + Ved/ 3 ( passive) - Make + O + V Ex:- I have my brother repair my bicycle. - They had their suitcases taken upstairs to their rooms. - The clown made us laugh a lot. 5. Used to và be used to: - Used to + V : đã thường (ở quá khứ và không còn nữa) - Be used to + V-ING: quen với. Ex: - Mr Brown used to take his children to the zoo. - My mother is used to getting up early. MỘT SỐ ĐỘNG TỪ BẤT QUI TẮC THÔNG DỤNG Stt Vo V2 V3 Nghĩa Việt ( Nguyên mẫu ) ( Quá khứ ) (Quá khứ phân từ) 1. Be Was / Were Been Thì, là, ở 2. Become Became Become Trở nên 3. Begin Began Begun Bắt đầu 4. Blow Blew Blown Thổi 5. Break Broke Broken Đập, phá vở 6. Bring Brought Brought Mang đến 7. Build Built Built Xây dựng 8. Buy Bought Bought Mua 9. Catch Caught Caught Bắt kịp, đuổi theo 10. Choose Chose Chosen Chọn lựa 11. Come Came Come Đến 3
4. 12. Cut Cut Cut Cắt, chặt 13. Do Did Done Làm 14. Draw Drew Drawn Vẽ tranh 15. Drink Drank Drunk Uống (rượu) 16. Drive Drove Driven Lái xe 17. Eat Ate Eaten Ăn 18. Fall Fell Fallen Té, ngã, rơi 19. Feel Felt Felt Cảm thấy 20. Find Found Found Tìm thấy 21. Fly Flew Flown Bay 22. Forget Forgot Forgotten Quên 23. Get Got Got / Gotten Có được 24. Give Gave Given Cho 25. Go Went Gone Đi 26. Grow Grew Grown Trồng, mọc 27. Have Had Had Có, dùng cơm 28. Hear Heard Heard Nghe 29. Hold Held Held Cầm, nắm, tổ chức 30. Keep Kept Kept Giữ 31. Know Knew Known Biết 32. Learn Learnt/ learned Learnt/ learned Học 33. Leave Left Left Rời khỏi, để lại 34. Make Made Made Chế tạo, làm 35. Meet Met Met Gặp mặt 36. Pay Paid Paid Trả (tiền) 37. Put Put Put Đặt để 38. Read Read Read Đọc 39. Ring Rang Rung Reo chuông 40. Run Ran Run Chạy 41. Say Said Said Nói 42. See Saw Seen Thấy, xem 43. Sell Sold Sold Bán 44. Send Sent Sent Gửi 45. Sing Sang Sung Ca hát 46. Sit Sat Sat Ngồi 47. Sleep Slept Slept Ngủ 48. Speak Spoke Spoken Nói 49. Spend Spent Spent Trãi qua, tiêu xài 50. Stand Stood Stood Đứng 51. Steal Stole Stolen Aên cắp 52. Take Took Taken Cầm, lấy, dẫn đi 53. Teach Taught Taught Dạy học 54. Tell Told Told Kể, bảo 55. Think Thought Thought Suy nghĩ 56. Understand Understood Understood Hiểu 57. Win Won Won Chiến thắng 58. Write Wrote Written Viết 4
5. EXERCISE I. Put the verbs in the correct forms ( tenses): 1. Mr Alan ( work ) ___ for that company since 1990. 2. She ( not take ) ___ music lessons last Sunday. 3. The thief ( go ) ___ away before the police came. 4. I ( receive ) ___ your letter about two weeks ago. 5. My mother always ( get ) ___ up early. 6. When we came, they ( build ) ___ a new library. 7. What you ( do) ___ now ? 8. If you go to the party, I ( come) ___ with you. 10. Most children enjoy ( read ) ___ picture- books. II. Turn these sentences into Passive Voice: 1. She can speak English. ___ 2. Taxis and buses will take tourists around the city. ___ 3. Did he translate this novel into Vietnamese last year ? ___ 4. He hasn’t finished his homework yet. ___ 5. Mr Brown doesn’t take his children to the circus today. ___ 6. When did Columbus discover America ? ___ 7. Someone has just carried the Olympic torch to the stadium. ___ 8. The interviewer will ask you a lot of questions. ___ 9. They cut grass near the gate yesterday. ___ 10. I meet John at the bus-stop every morning. ___ III. Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition: 1. English people are fond ___ football. 2. Are you interested ___ picture- books ? 3. She often stays ___ home ___ Sundays. 4. Don’t tell your sister ___ that news. 5. The pupils often go ___ school ___ bicycles. 6. The first May Day meeting was held ___ 1890. 7. Are you afraid ___ swimming in the sea ? 8. My brother is good ___ English. 9. My uncle lives ___ Ho chi minh city. 10. The boy was born ___ a very rich family. IV. Finish the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first one : 1. Mary hasn’t returned my book yet. My book 2. The principle doesn’t write this letter. This letter 3. Mary is making a birthday cake in the kitchen. A birthday cake V. Read the following passage and then answer the question below : Nowadays every high-school in Ho Chi Minh city has its own library. Nam’s school library is not as big as other public libraries but it is well-equipped with a variety of books. On open shelves we can find such kinds of books as fiction, non-fiction, textbooks, newspapers and magazines. On Saturday mornings and during the break Nam and his friends often go to the library to read books and newspapers. Miss Lan, the librarian, is always at her desk to show them how to use the library cards when they want to borrow some reference books from the library. The school library helps Nam and his friends a lot in their study. * Questions: 1. Is Nam’s school library smaller or bigger than other public libraries ? ___ 2. When do Nam and his friends often go to the library ? 5
6. ___ 3. Is the school library helpful ? ___ PUT THE VERBS IN THE CORRECT TENSES 1. The weather ( be ) . very bad yesterday. 2. My mother always ( get ) up early. 3. Tom ( see ) his classmates at the party tomorrow. 4. He ( give ) me the letter a few minutes ago. 5. They ( make ) a lot of furniture next month. 6. Peter and Alice ( learn ) French for two years. 7. You ( finish ) your homework yet. 8. Please don’t say anything while I ( learn ) my lesson. 9. Tomorrow I ( put ) our presents on that table. 10. My friend ( ever see ) that sight. 11. My uncle ( live ) in HCM city since last year. 12. He always ( stay ) in bed late on Sunday morning. 13. Peter and Daisy ( be ) born in 1978. 14. My sister always ( wash ) her hands before meals. 15. Look! The dog ( run ) after him. 16. Smith and Bobby ( read ) books at this moment. 17. Tom ( repair ) his bicycle last Friday. 18. Mary and I ( not watch ) TV last night. 19. I ( just buy ) a new shirt. 20. My brother came in while Tom and I ( play ) chess. 21. Mr. Pike ( work ) in this factory for ten years. 22. Vietnam, Thailand and Malaysia ( be ) tropical countries. 23. HCM city ( be ) the largest city in Vietnam. 24. Where you ( go ) last night ? - I ( go ) to the cinema. 25. What you ( do ) every morning ? 26. You ever (be ) to Russia ? 27. We ( not meet ) him two days ago. 28. Uncle Ho ( die ) in 1969. 29. Mr Johnson ( stay ) in London now. 30. How she ( go ) to school every day ? - She ( go ) to school by bicycle. 6